• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for enriching chip pieces which contain extractives in a pile of chip pieces from wood chips (10; 10a) which have an even bit size distribution and / or even thickness distribution. The method comprises the following steps: - forming a homogeneous wood chip stream (1) of wood chips (10; 10a), comprising chip pieces having an even bit size distribution and / or even thickness distribution, - producing a homogeneous wood chip stream (11) which is accelerated to substantially the same speed by means of an accelerating device (20) and / or the medium of the accelerating device (20) from the homogeneous wood chip stream (1) - providing an inlet stream (12) of wood chips by directing the wood chip stream (11) accelerated to the same speed to a separating means ( Separating the chip pieces included in the wood chip inlet stream (12) with the separating means (30) into a group of different outlet streams (14) of wood chips, which outlet currents are based on density differences of the chip pieces or shape differences of the chip pieces included in said wood chips (12) , that chips in the inlet stream (12) with a heavier density containing 0.5–10 v-% extractants substantially transmitted to at least a first outlet stream (14; 14c), which runs to at least a first chip pile (40; 402) along at least a first route (K4) and chips of a lighter density containing less than 0.5% by weight of extractives are mainly transferred to at least a second outlet stream (14a, 14b). ), which runs to at least a second chip pile (40) along at least a second route (K4), the second chip piles (40) lying along the average route (K4) of the outlet streams (14) before the first chip piles (40).
    公开号:FI20195913A1
    申请号:FI20195913
    申请日:2019-10-24
    公开日:2020-11-22
    发明作者:Thomas Ahlnäs
    申请人:Oy Granula Ab Ltd；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a method as defined in claim 1 for enriching chips containing extracts from a wood pile of a uniform particle size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution of wood chips having a uniform particle size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution. The invention also relates to an apparatus as defined in claim 14. More than 90% of the extract material in wood chips from the sawmill industry, in particular polyphenols, is generally derived from twigs. Branch material - in turn, is transported in the chips to a chip fraction containing mainly oversized or over-thick chips. The amount of over-thick and over-chipped fraction (hereinafter: chip fraction) depends on wood quality, chip type, wood hardness, chipping method, etc. High branch density, high extractives content and low moisture content of branches and different root direction cause problems in pulp production - regardless of oversize or oversize in wood chips going to manufacture. Thus, oversized or over-thick chips are generally separated from wood chips by mechanical screening. Mechanical screening (eg vibrating screen, drum and disc screens) or air screening is currently used primarily to separate oversized and oversized chips. Counterflow screening can be used because the branched chips have a high specific gravity. In air flow screening, compressed air is fed to the wood chips, at an angle to the direction of travel of the wood chips, also e.g. cyclones can be used. = Separated wood chips with oversized or over-thick chips are re-chipped a 25 - nowadays, in order to obtain a homogeneous wood chips with a view to the production of the pulp. In this case, the wood N chips obtained from conifers for the production of pulp generally comprise 5-10% of the branch material. In the production of chemical pulp, the aim is now to use homogeneous wood chips (softwood chips) with a length of 25 + -3 mm and a thickness of about 4 mm. In the manufacture of mechanical pulp 2 30 - in turn, a homogeneous wood chip (softwood wood chip) with a length of 2 20 + -3 mm and a thickness of about 3 mm is used.
    N Re-chipping over-thick and over-sized chips reduces some of the problems in pulp production, but the quality of the pulp may remain poor. The resin and lignan contents of branched thick chips are high. These extractants remain uncooked in the production of chemical pulp, increasing the amount of reject and reducing the yield. The extractants also increase the consumption of chemicals in the cooking process and the energy requirement in mechanical pulping. The extractants in the branches also make bleaching more difficult and increase the consumption of chemicals.
    By extractants in this application is meant water-soluble and water-soluble non-structural compounds in wood, which are abundant in, for example, tree branches and heartwood. These include terpenoids, fats, polyphenols, carbohydrates and various inorganic salts.
    Of particular interest are polyphenols, which are lignans, flavonoids, stilbenes and tannins. These are particularly abundant in tree branches, bark, heartwood. Polyphenols, especially lignans and stilbenes, have been found to have several beneficial antioxidant, medicinal effects and, in addition, can be used in cosmetics. Several methods are known in the art for the separation of extractives, in particular polyphenols, from oversized and oversized chips containing oversized chips. These known methods, without exception, are based on the separation of lignans and, more generally, extractants, from oversized and oversized chips separated from the main chip fraction. When applied to the recovery of lignans, the separation methods used e.g. in patent publications FI 20031150 and FI 112041B. A method is known from the previous publication in which an oversized wood chip fraction or wood chips further sorted in its air flow (countercurrent) is further comminuted and sorted. Hydroxymatairesinol is recovered, for example, by extraction or separation of chips containing lignan o on the basis of their higher specific gravity by air separation (countercurrent method)> 25 or by water separation. A method is known from the latter patent publication, in which O-dried oversized and / or over-thick chips are recovered those chips with a high specific gravity which remain at the bottom of the water basin when the dried chips are immersed in water. a N The problem in separating over-thick and over-large chips is often poor 2 30 - yield, because oversized and over-thick wood chips have to be recovered by relatively> coarse screening methods that separate only those N chips with a thickness of 8-40 m and a length over 500 mm. In addition, the further separation of chips containing extractives from the chip fraction comprising over-thick and oversized chips may cause problems and slow down the further process.
    Finnish application publication FI-20050268, on the other hand, discloses a method in which lignans are recovered directly from chopped and re-chipped homogeneous chips. However, in it, the recovery of extractants is based on their direct extraction, which is a relatively slow and often expensive separation method and may slow down the overall process. The foregoing prior art, the object of the invention was to get rid of or at least alleviate the problems encountered in the above prior art. Accordingly, it was an object of the invention to provide a method and an apparatus used therein which would enable efficient recovery of extractants, in particular lignans, directly from homogeneous wood chips suitable for the production of pulp. Homogeneous wood chips suitable for the production of pulp comprise, firstly, wood chips from wood chips but also wood chips from the re-chipping of oversized and over-thick wood chips. The method according to the invention and the equipment used therein achieve the above objectives. Accordingly, the invention relates to a method as defined in claim 1 for enriching chips containing extracts from a wood chip having a uniform piece size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for enriching chips containing extractives from a wood chip having a uniform piece size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution, comprising the steps of:> - forming a homogeneous wood chip stream from wood chips having a uniform thickness and a uniform chip size;
    O 3 25 - -protection of a homogeneous wood chip stream accelerated to substantially the same speed by means of an accelerator and / or an accelerator medium from a homogeneous wood chip stream,
    O 2 - providing a wood chip supply current by directing an accelerated wood chip stream to the separation means at the same speed,
    N - separating the chips contained in the wood chip feed stream by a separating means adapted to divide the feed stream into a plurality of different wood chips output streams so that said output streams are based on differences in specific gravity of chips contained in said feed stream or shape differences of chips, 0.5% to 10% by weight of extracts the chips move mainly to at least one first outlet stream which - travels along at least one first chip stack along at least one first path and extracts containing less than 0.5% by weight of extractants, the lighter specific gravity feed chips mainly pass to at least one second outlet stream passing to at least one second chip stack along at least one second path, the second chip pieces being located in the average path of the output streams before the first chip piles.
    The term wood chip stream accelerated to the same speed means a continuous wood chip stream in which the chips contained are arranged at the same speed, - regardless of the weight, shape, etc. of the chips.
    The wood chip stream accelerated to the same speed is provided, for example, by a conveyor such as a belt conveyor, a pressure medium or a combination thereof.
    The term homogeneous wood chip stream means a wood chip stream whose chips have a uniform piece size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution.
    Even - in wood chips with a block size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution, the length of the chips is 25 + -3 mm and the thickness is about 4 mm when making chemical pulp. > In the production of mechanical pulp, a homogeneous wood chip stream means & wood chips (softwood chips) with a chip length of 20 + -3 mm and a thickness of about 3 mm. + - The invention also relates to an apparatus according to claim 12 for enriching chips containing extractants in a stack of chips from a wood chip, O the chips of which have a uniform piece size distribution and / or a uniform thickness D distribution.
    More specifically, an apparatus according to the invention for enriching chips containing extractives from a chip stack of wood chips, the chips having a uniform piece size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution comprises a storage with a wood chip having a uniform piece size distribution and a thickness distribution. The apparatus further includes an accelerator for providing an accelerated and homogeneous wood chip stream, separation means adapted to separate the chips contained in the wood chip feed stream into a plurality of different wood chip output streams, the output streams being based on at least one - for receiving the output stream (s) from the chips, at least one second stack of chips for receiving the output stream (s) from the heavier feed chips, the second chip stacks being located in the average path of the output streams before the first chip stacks. The invention is based on the formation of a homogeneous wood chip stream which is suitable for the production of, for example, mechanical and chemical pulp. The wood chip stream of this is brought to the same speed by a conveyor or the like, and then a homogeneous wood chip stream of the same speed is separated by a suitable method such as resilience or piece shape method, where heavier chips get more kinetic energy and end up in more distant piles / bins. By the above method, heavier wood chips can be separated quickly and in very good yield from wood chips. Since the separation into different chip fractions can be made for wood-> chips which are suitable as such for the production of pulp, the separation does not interfere with the production of N pulp either.
    O 3 25 —A separation means according to a preferred embodiment of the invention comprises - a collision plane mounted at an angle transverse to the flow direction of the wood chips feed flow, different resilient wood chips output flows and further different wood chips output streams from the wood chips feed flow D. The speed and direction of the bounced output streams are based on the specific gravity of the chips contained in the wood chip feed stream. With such a separating means, a significant advantage is achieved that the heavier-specific - chips - receive - a higher - output speed - than the lighter-specific chips. This difference based on the specific gravity in the output speeds of the chips from the impact plane and in the flight paths can be exploited when separating the chips into different chips stacks.
    - In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the separating means comprises a collision plane mounted at an angle transverse to the flow direction of the above-mentioned wood chips feed flow, and further the apparatus comprises at least one first compartment and at least one second compartment positioned relative to the separating means. the lighter chips of the resilient output stream are directed to different compartments on the basis of their different kinetic energy: -the chips of the feed stream with a specific gravity of 0.5 wt.% to 10%, based on their higher kinetic energy, move mainly to at least one first output stream passing through at least one first chuck along at least one of the first routes and extracts, less than 0,5% by weight of chips with a specific gravity are displaced by their lower kinetic energy. in particular to at least - one second outlet stream passing into the chip stack of at least one second tray along at least one second path, wherein - the second chip boxes are located in the direction of output flow before the first chip stacks. In another preferred method, the operation of the separating means is based on differences in the specific gravity of the chips in the feed stream and on a different average flatness, so that
    I = that round and heavier-specific chips containing 0,5% to 10% of extractives pass through at least one first stack of chips o
    LO> and extractives containing less than 0,5% by weight of lighter and flatter
    The chip pieces mainly end in at least one chip stack, the second chip stacks being located in the direction of travel (K) of the chip pieces before the first chip stacks.
    In a preferred homogeneous wood chip suitable for the production of chemical pulp, the chips have a length of 25 + -3 mm and a thickness of about 4 mm.
    In another wood chip homogeneous suitable for the production of mechanical pulp, the chips have a length of 20 + -3 mm and a thickness of about 3 mm.
    In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises forming chipped wood chips by sawing wood discs from the tree trunk at the branch and chopping the discs and / or milling the wood discs from the tree trunk at the branch.
    - Preferably, the sawn and / or milled wooden disc has a diameter of 1-4 cm, in which case it is sawn from the top side of the wooden frame, where the diameter of the wooden frame is less than 7 cm. Such wood chips contain more lignan than usual.
    The above-mentioned method preferably uses equipment further comprising sawing means and chopping means and / or milling means adapted to form chipped wood chips by first sawing wood discs from the tree trunk, at the branch and then chopping these wood discs and / or milling the wood frame, at the branch, wooden discs.
    In the following, the invention and the advantages obtained by it will be described in even more detail, with reference to the accompanying figures.
    Fig. 1A schematically shows a side view of the apparatus according to the invention and the flow of chips in the apparatus.
    o Figure 1B schematically shows the method steps for processing the chips before it enters the apparatus shown in Figure 1A.
    O N Figure 2 shows a flow chart of the method according to the invention. <
    N I 25 Figures 3A and 3B illustrate flow charts of a homogeneous chip flow - two main separation methods.
    O D Figure 4 shows various alternative implementations for the recovery of extractants from oversized and over-thick chips.
    Figures 1 illustrate a method and apparatus for enriching chips containing extractives in a stack of chips using a wood chip 10 having a uniform piece size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution of the starting material; 10a. The starting material here is a homogeneous wood chip 10; 10a, which has been brought into storage, from where it is taken for further processing. Stored wood chips 10; 10a is preferably a homogeneous wood chip with chip pieces having a uniform piece size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution. The wood chips 10a can be adapted for the production of chemical pulp, whereby the length of the chips in stock is 25 + -3 mm and the thickness is about 4 mm. Wood chips 10a can also be adapted for the production of mechanical pulp, in which case it is - homogeneous wood chips (softwood chips) 10; 10a having chip lengths of 20 + -3 mm and a thickness of about 3 mm. Warehouse here means either a physical warehouse or simply a pile of wood chips. The stored homogeneous wood chips 10a are formed into a homogeneous - wood chips stream 1. This wood chips stream 1 is fed to an accelerator means 20, such as a conveyor or the like. In Fig. 1, a continuous wood chip stream 1 is introduced to the conveyor along the path K by gravity. With this accelerating means 20, a homogeneous wood chip stream 11 accelerated to substantially the same speed is provided from the homogeneous wood chip stream 1 arriving at it. The wood chip feed stream 12 is formed from the wood chip stream 11 by directing the wood chip stream 11 accelerated to the same speed to the separation means 30 from the accelerator + 25 20. In Fig. 1 the feed streams 12 are directed along the flight path K2 to the separation means 30 30 is adapted to divide the feed stream 12 into a plurality of different wood chip output streams 14. These output streams 14 are based on the
    O N 30 - for differences in the specific gravity of the pieces or for differences in the shape of the chips. Fig. 3A shows the separation process with the separating means 30 at the principle level, and Fig. 1A shows in more detail the separation of the chips of the feed stream using the apparatus and method based on the specific gravity differences of the chips.
    The separating apparatus 30 comprises an impact plane 30a mounted at an angle transverse to the flow direction K2 of the wood chip supply current 12.
    The impact plane 30a bounces the chips of the feed stream 12 from the surface of the impact plane 30a in the direction K3. The direction K3 depends on the specific weight of the chip pieces contained in the feed stream 12 of said wood chips and the kinetic energy they retain in the elastic bounce from the surface of the impact plane 30a.
    In the apparatus shown in the figure, the chips of the feed stream 12 containing 0.5 to 10% by weight of extractants, which have a heavier specific gravity, generally bounce onto the higher flight path K3 and move to the first output stream 14; 14c passing through a chip tray 40 of the first tray; 402 flight paths K4; K4! along.
    Instead, the chips of the feed stream 12, which contain less than 0.5% by weight of extractants, are mainly transferred to the output streams 14; 14a and 14; 14b.
    The output streams are adapted to flow to the chip pieces 40 of the respective second compartments; 401 routes Q: Q4 and along K, K43.
    The compartments may have various raised upward projections or the like for guiding the flight paths 1 of the chip pieces.
    Both other chip pieces 40; 401, 401 are located in the average path K4 of the output streams 14 before the first chip assembly 40; 402. Thus, it can be said that the method described above utilizing the separation apparatus 30 comprises, as the most important step according to Fig. 3A, a separation step 400; 401, which is based on the different output speed of the chips of the feed stream 12 due to their specific gravity and kinetic energy as the chips bounce from the ground plane 30a. s Thereafter, the chips of the feed stream are bounced off the resilient and collision plane 30a in the separation apparatus 30.
    The collision plane 30 is mounted at an angle of arrival suitable for the separation means = with respect to the supply current 12 in the direction K2, such as at an angle of 30- = 150 degrees.
    The collision plane 30a of the separating means 30 may also be movable, in which case the separating device 30 is a conveyor with a hard or resilient collision plane.
    The impact plane> bounces the chips of the feed stream 12 from the surface of the impact plane 30a in the direction K3, which direction depends on the specific weight of the chips contained in the feed stream 2 of said wood chips and the kinetic energy they receive in elastic bounce.
    The chips of the feed stream 12 are placed on different trajectories depending on their specific gravity (output streams 14), whereby they can be sorted into different bins (sorting, step 500; 510). Various disadvantages or protrusions that hit the flight path of the output currents and divert the output currents to the desired compartments can be used to aid in sorting into the trays. In another embodiment of the separation device 30 of the invention, schematically illustrated in Figure 3B, a step 400 of separating the feed stream chips performed by the separation means 30; 402 is based on the differences in the specific gravity of the chips in the feed stream 12 as well as on the different shape. This separation device illustrated in Figure 3B is based on the finding that chips with more lignans are on average rounder than chips with a lower lignan content. In this case, the difference may be based on different rolling resistance of the chips. The feed streams 12 are then placed on a downwardly extending rolling base, whereby the more round - chip pieces roll further. In particular, round and heavier specific chips containing 0.5 wt% to 10% by weight of extractants pass through at least one first chip stack. Chips with a specific gravity of less than 0.5% by weight having a specific gravity and flatter end up ending up in at least a second stack of chips, the second chips being located in the direction of rolling of the chips before the first chips (sorting into chips in different compartments, step 500; 550). Figure 1B illustrates the formation of a homogeneous wood chip stream 10a from chipped wood chips 10; 10c. In this case, the chipped wood material, e.g. from processes in the sawmill industry, is conveyed to a separator 106 in which> 25 10 of the chipped chip fraction; 10c separating the chip fraction 10b containing oversized and / or over-thick chips; N 10b.
    O 3 If wood chips specially adapted to the present process are used, in which - there is already an initially high lignan content, it is preferred that the chipped wood originates from = a wood disc formed by sawing the tree trunk, at the branch wood - O 30 - discs and then chipping the wood discs . Another option for chipping is to mill wooden discs from the tree trunk, at the branch. N Preferably, the sawn and / or milled wooden disc has a diameter of 1-4 cm, in which case it is sawn from the top side of the wooden frame, where the diameter of the wooden frame is less than 7 cm.
    The separator can be, for example, a mechanical screen, compressed air, in which the separation takes place countercurrent to the direction of travel of the chips, or a cyclone. These general air separation methods and equipment for wood chips, as well as mechanical wood screening methods and the screens used therein, are known per se and refer to the literature known in the art and the practices generally known to a person skilled in the art.
    Figure 2 illustrates the method described above on an even more general method level: In the first step 80, the wood is chipped. Preferably, the chipped wood is a wood disc formed by sawing wood discs at the tree trunk, at the branch and then chipping the discs. Another option for chipping is by milling wooden discs from the tree trunk, at the branch.
    Preferably, the sawn and / or milled wooden disc has a diameter of 1-4 cm, in which case it is sawn from the top side of the wooden frame, where the diameter of the wooden frame is less than 7 cm.
    From the wood chips thus obtained 10; 10c separates the wood chip fraction 10 containing oversized and / or over-thick chips; 10b (cf. the description of Figure 1B above). Chip fraction 10 comprising oversized and / or over-thick chips; 10b, the chips are re-chopped by chipping in step 80. Thus, wood chips 10 are obtained; 10a having a uniform piece size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution.
    The formation of a homogeneous wood chip stream 1 generally also comprises wood chips 10 having a uniform piece size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution; 10a storage step 150.
    > However, it is also possible to carry out a chip fraction 10 containing oversized and / or over-thick pieces of wood chips; 10b further fractionation to recover the extractants in step 90. This is illustrated in more detail in Figure 4.
    <- Of stored homogeneous wood chips 10; 10a, a homogeneous = wood chip stream 1 is formed, the chip pieces of which have a uniform piece size distribution O and / or a uniform thickness distribution (step 200).
    o
    LO> This is followed by a substantially homogeneous accelerated, homogeneous
    O N 30 - formation of a wood chip stream 11 from the homogeneous wood chip stream via the accelerator 20 and / or the accelerator 20 and the medium (e.g. compressed air) (step 300).
    The chips are then separated from the feed stream 12 by separating means 30 adapted to divide the feed stream 12 into a plurality of different wood chip output streams 14 such that said output streams 14 are based on differences in specific gravity or shape differences of chips contained in said feed stream 2.
    As stated above, the invention can also perform a chip fraction 10 containing oversized and / or over-thick pieces of wood chips; 10b further fractionation to recover the extractants in step 90. Oversized and over-thick chips can be further fractionated 901, for example, by mechanical screening.
    The screen is, for example, a mechanical screen, such as a vibrating screen, a drum screen or a disc screen.
    Mechanical chipping screening methods and the screens used in them are known per se and are referred to in the known literature in the field as well as to the general knowledge of a person skilled in the art.
    The oversized and over-thick chip fractions 10b can be further made into a fraction 904, for example by screening based on the different shape of the chip pieces, if the wood chip 10b is relatively fresh.
    This can be done as previously described if the oversized or over-thick chip fraction 10b is otherwise relatively homogeneous and uniform in size.
    Chips containing heavier specific gravity are more round chips than chips with a lower lignan content.
    In this case, further fractionation can also be based on different rolling resistance of the chips.
    The feed stream of the oversized and / or over-thick chip fraction is then brought to a conductive rolling base, whereby the rounder chip pieces roll further and can be separated into their own piles / trays. = Oversized and over-thick chips can also be made into a further fraction 903, which is based on the direct extraction of extractants, in a manner known per se. 3 In addition, oversized and over-thick chips can also be made into a further fraction I 902, which is based on the differences in the specific weights of the chips in the wood chips. a O In the first embodiment of the further fractionation 902, the further fractionation 902b is performed with compressed air or a cyclone as a countercurrent separation.
    These general D 30 separation methods and devices as well as cyclones are known per se, and for their performance reference is made here to the literature known in the art and to the skill of a person skilled in the art.
    In another embodiment of the further fractionation 902a, the fractionation is performed by water separation, in which the chips having a high specific weight and remaining at the bottom of the water basin are recovered from the oversized and / or over-thick chip fraction. Only some embodiments of the invention have been described above, and it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the invention may be practiced in many other ways within the scope of the inventive idea defined in the claims.
    oO O OF
    O + OF
    I a a O O
    LO o O OF
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [1]
    A method for enriching wood chips containing extractives from a wood chip (10; 10a) having a uniform piece size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution in a chip piece pile, the method comprising the steps of: - forming a homogeneous wood chip stream (1) from wood chips (10; 10a) the pieces have a uniform piece size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution, - providing a homogeneous wood chip stream (11) accelerated to substantially the same speed by means of the accelerator (20) and / or the accelerator (20) medium - from the homogeneous wood chip stream (1) (12) by directing an accelerated wood chip stream (11) at the same speed to the separating means (30), - separating the chips contained in the wood chip feed stream (12) by separating means (30) adapted to divide the feed stream (12) into different wood chip output streams (14) that said output currents are based on the chips contained in said feed stream (12) differences in the specific gravity of the alloys or differences in the shape of the chips, in which - the chips of the feed stream (12) with a specific gravity of 0.5 to 10% by weight of extractants are mainly transferred to at least one first output stream (14; 14c) passing along at least one first stack of chips (40; 402) along at least one first passage (K4) and containing less than 0.5% by weight of extractants, the lighter specific gravity feed chips mainly pass to at least one second outlet stream (14a, 14b) , O passing through at least one second chip pile (40) along at least one s 25 - second path (K4), where E the second chip piles (40) are located on the average n path (K4) of the output streams (14) before the first chip piles (40). A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating means S (30) comprises a collision plane (30a) mounted at an angle transverse to the flow direction (K2) of the wood chip supply flow (12), adapted to provide different output currents for the resilient wood chips. (13) and further from the various wood chip output streams (14; 14a, 14b, 14c), from the wood chip feed stream (12), so that
    [2]
    that the output streams (14; 14a, 14b, 14c) are based on differences in the specific gravity of the chips contained in said wood chips feed stream (12), the heavier chips of the resilient output stream (13) and lighter chips of the resilient output stream being directed to different chips in different compartments; Due to their higher kinetic energy, the chips of the feed weight (12) with a specific gravity of 0.5% to 10% move mainly to at least one first output stream (14; 14c) which is applied to the stack of chips of at least one first tray (40; 402) along at least one first path ( K4) and extractants containing less than 0.5% by weight of feedstock, having a lower specific gravity feed stream, are transferred, based on their lower kinetic energy, mainly to at least one second output stream (14; 14a, 14b) which is applied to at least one second tray (40; 401 ) to the chip stack along at least one second path (K4), the second trays (40; 401) being located on the average path (K4) of the output streams (14) before the first trays (40; 402).
    [3]
    Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the operation of the separating means (30) is based on differences in the specific gravity of the chips in the feed stream (12) as well as differences in shape such that the extracts contain 0.5 wt%, round and more specific gravity. the chips pass through at least one first chip stack> (40; 402) and the lighter and flatter chips with a specific gravity of less than 0.5% by weight end up at least in the second chip stack (40; - 401), the second chip stacks (40; ; 401) are located in the direction of travel (K) of the chips before the first chips (40, 402).
    O 2
    [4]
    Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in a homogeneous wood chip the length of the chips is 25 + -3 mm and
    O N 30 - thickness is about 4 mm.
    [5]
    Method according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in a homogeneous wood chip the chips are 20 + -3 mm long and about 3 mm thick.
    [6]
    Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method further comprises mixing a pressure medium such as a compressed air flow (P) with a wood chip (10; 10a) to obtain a homogeneous pressure medium wood chip stream or a homogeneous, accelerated pressure .
    [7]
    Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the formation of a homogeneous wood chip stream (1) from the chipped wood chips (10; 10c) further comprises the separation and re-chipping of oversized and / or over-thick chips with a uniform chip size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution (10). 10a) to provide.
    [8]
    The method according to claim /, further comprising forming a chipped - wood chip (10; 10c) by sawing wood discs from the tree trunk at the branch and chopping the discs and / or milling the wood discs from the tree trunk at the branch.
    [9]
    Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that the diameter of the sawn and / or milled wooden disc is 1 to 4 cm.
    [10]
    Method according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the formation of a homogeneous wood chip stream (1) further comprises storing wood chips (10; 10a) with a uniform piece size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution.
    [11]
    Method according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the wood chips (10; 10b) comprising oversized and / or over-thick chips are separated from the wood chips (10; 10c) by mechanical screening or by a method based on chips. I different rolling resistance of the pieces depending on their shape.
    [12]
    A method according to one of Claims 7 to 11, characterized in that chips containing oversized and / or over-thick chips, in particular containing> 30 lignans, are recovered by a method based on the difference in specific gravity of the chips, such as by blowing pressurized gas onto wood chips. runs - counterclockwise to the direction of travel of the wood chips or by immersing the dry chips in water and recovering the sedimented chips.
    [13]
    Process according to one of Claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the lignan is recovered from the oversized and / or over-thick chips by extraction.
    [14]
    Apparatus for enriching chips containing extractives in a chip stack of wood chips (10; 10a), the chips having a uniform piece size distribution and / or a uniform thickness distribution, the apparatus comprising a storage of wood chips having a uniform piece size distribution and thickness distribution known therefrom (10a); that the apparatus further comprises an accelerator (20) for providing an accelerated and homogeneous wood chip stream (11), separation means (30) adapted to separate the chips contained in the wood chip feed stream (12) into a plurality of different wood chip output streams (14) based on said differences in the specific gravity of the chips contained in the feed stream (12) of the wood chips or shape differences of the chips contained in the feed stream (12).
    [15]
    Apparatus according to claim 14, characterized in that the apparatus comprises a plurality of chip stacks (40) for receiving the output streams (14) of the separating means (30), the chip stacks (40) comprising at least one lighter feed stack (40). a stream (12) for receiving the output stream (s) from the chips 2,
    O T to receive the output current (s) from the chips of the heavier feed stream N 25 (12) of the at least one second stack of chips (40),
    I a = wherein all the second chip piles (40) are located in the average path (K4) of the output streams (14) before the first chip piles (40).
    LO o D
    [16]
    Apparatus according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the separating means (30) comprises a collision plane (30a) mounted at an angle transversely to the flow direction (K2) of the wood chip feed stream (12), a feed stream (12) for resilient chips in the collision plane (30a) from the surface in such a direction
    (K3), which depends on the specific weight of the chips contained in said wood chip feed stream (12).
    [17]
    Apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the apparatus further comprises at least one first compartment (40; 402) and at least one - second compartment (4: 401), which compartments (492, 401) are arranged relative to the separating means in such a way that that the chips with a specific gravity of the feed stream (12) containing 0.5% to 10% extractants bounce off the surface of the impact plane and fly, based on their higher kinetic energy, mainly to at least one first outlet stream (14; 14c) passing through at least one first tray ( 40; 402) in the chip pile, along the corresponding first path (K4) and containing less than 0.5% by weight of extractants, lighter specific weight chips bounce off the surface of the impact plane (30a9) and fly mainly to at least one second outlet stream (14; 14a, -14b) passing through a second path (K4) corresponding to the stack of chips of at least one second tray (40; 401) ), with all the second compartments (40; 401) being located in the average path (K4) of the output streams (14) before the first compartments (40; 402).
    [18]
    Apparatus according to one of Claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the stack of chips is located in a compartment formed by a collecting base with upwardly extending edges associated therewith.
    [19]
    Apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the apparatus further comprises sawing means and chopping means and / or milling means adapted to form chipped wood chips (10; 10c) by first sawing wood discs from the trunk of the wood, at the branch and then chopping these wooden discs and / or milling wood discs from the trunk of the tree, at the branch. <
    Method according to Claim 8, characterized in that the diameter of the wooden disc sawn and / or milled by the sawing means and / or the milling means is 1 to 4 cm.
    O
    O
    LO o & 30
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    FI20195416|2019-05-21|
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